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Revisiting the "Big Three" Foundations

School of Education, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA arnove{at}indiana.edu

Nadine Pinede

802 E. Maxwell Lane, Bloomington, IN 47401, USA npinede{at}indiana.edu

A review of the funding strategies and priorities of the Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Ford Foundations over the past twenty-five years indicates that although these major philanthropies have adjusted to changing international and national contexts, they continued to engage in the same activities identified by Arnove (1980) in Philanthropy and Cultural Imperialism. These foundations claim to attack the roots causes of the ills of humanity; however they essentially engage in ameliorative practices to maintain social and economics systems that generate the very inequality and injustices they wish to correct.

Key Words: Carnegie Foundations • Rockefeller Foundations • Ford Foundations • social reforms • social control

Critical Sociology, Vol. 33, No. 3, 389-425 (2007)
DOI: 10.1163/156916307X188960


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