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Critical Sociology
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The Relationship of Race and Criminal Behavior: Challenging Cultural Explanations for a Structural Problem

Patricia F. Case

University of Toledo, Ohio, USA, Patricia.Case{at}utoledo.edu

Disproportional arrests and conviction rates between blacks and whites in the US criminal justice system is well documented in social research. Many studies have examined the various social explanations for the disproportional arrest rates by race, varying from structural explanations of institutionalized racism and differential poverty outcomes to micro-level analyses of culturally prescribed behaviors. Research that focuses on culturally motivated behaviors may increase the sense of otherness associated with blacks and may minimize the effects of discriminatory criminal justice practices and unequal opportunities. Studies that focus on describing disproportional distributions without also including individual behaviors may also mask successful strategies by blacks avoiding re-arrest as they manage to reintegrate into society. This study analyzes racial differences in recidivism patterns for a cohort of prisoners in the Ohio prison system. Recidivism was tracked for approximately 14 years (through 2006). These ex-prisoners were compared using survival analysis and Cox Regression analysis.

Key Words: conflict theory • ex-offenders • Merton • prisons • race • recidivism

Critical Sociology, Vol. 34, No. 2, 213-238 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0896920507085513
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